Oil burner for furnaces



Spt. 15, 1925. 1,553,444

w. L. HIGGINS.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES Sept. 15, 1925.

W. L. HIGGINS OIL BURNER .FOR FURNACES Filed NQ V. 28, 1923 '2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 15, 1925.

UNITED STATES WILLIAM L. meern's, or BUFFALO, NEW You.

OIL BURNER FOR FURNACES.

'A'pplication filed November 2 8, 1923. Serial- No. 677,550.

To all whom it may concern.-

In order to Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. HIGGINS, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in OilBurners for Furnaces, of which the following is a specificatio'n. v

The resent invention relates to an oil burner intended forheating'plants or furnaces, and is constructed so that it may beinstalled inold furnaces built for coal or other fuel as well as. innewly erected furnaces adapted for oil' fuel alone.

The main object of the invention is to provide a burner whichautomaticallyprepares the fuel mixture in the correct proportions andmaintains the mixture in this condition durin the entire operation of thfurnace.- The causes the oil to be vaporized and the steam generated bythe heat in the combustion chamber, while air is'supplied by the furnacedraft.

Another object of the invention is to furnish a pilot burner forstarting thevaporization of the oil and th generation of steam, whichpilot burner may be cut off as soon as the main burner is runningproperly by stopping the supply of-gas.

Another object of the invention is to insure the proper circulation ofthe water while being heated, thus preventing the formation of scales inthe steam pipes, which ordinarily is very detrimental in the operationof similar devices, as the scale produced by water containing limesettles on the Walls of the coils clo ging the same and in a short whileputting til-1e burner out of commission.

revent this, a small boiler-or head is attached to the steam coil inwhich the water is constantly agitated so that no settlement can takeplace of the lime on the walls of the boiler or the steam pipes.

Still another object of the invention to provide; small reservoiradjacent the nozzl of the oil supplying pipe, so that when the heat inthe-furnace is lowered and no vaporization of the oil takes place, theoil will return to this reservoir which is preferabl so connected with avalve system for supp ying the oil, that the valves are automaticallyclosed when the level of the oil reaches a certain height in thereservoir. This has the advantage over other similar devices that theinterior of the furnace will urner after once started never be floodedwith oil and the burner is kept clean and in perfect condition atall tmes. Such a valve system is described in my co-pending .applicationSerial No. 677,549, filed November 28, 1923.

In the accompanying drawings, one embogiment of the invention isillustrated; an

Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical section of a furnace with the burnerinstalled;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the burner with parts broken away;

gigurefi is a vertical section of the boiler; an

Figure 4 is a fragmentary side elevation thereof.

In the drawings, reference numeral 10 represents the lower part of afurnace, and reference numeral 11, the ash -pit thereof, above which theusual grates 12 are to be found. When installing this burner in furnacesoriginally intended for coal consumption, one or more of th grate bars12 are removed and the burner inserted through the ash door and betweenthe removed grate bars carried on a proper stand.

The stand consists of a base plate 13 carried on suitabl props or legs14 extending to the bottom of the ash pit. On top of this base plate issecured a born 15 forming an air duct for the burner. This horn issecured between flanges 16 and 17 on the base plate and over an opening18 in the plate, so that the atmospheric air is conducted through theupright shank 19 of the horn and carried downwardly by the bent upperend 20 of the horn, so that the air will be discharged through the mouth21 of the horn directly. above the vapor *mixer 22. The air is sucked inthrough this Mom to replace the waste gas passing out through thechimney flue of the furnace so that no forced draft is needed. The vapormixer 22 is built in the shape of an inverted truncated cone with thinside walls, and stands with its narrow neck 23- on the base plate 13, towhich it is securely attached as by bolts 24. The wide mouth .of thevapor mixer is presented underneath the mouth 21 of the horn 15, and inaxial alinement therewith so that the upwardly directed current of vaporfrom'the mixer 22 meets and intermingles with the downwardly directedair current from the horn about midway between the two.

@entraily in the neck 23 of the vapor mixer is upwardly. projecting,anozzle 25 carriedin the upper end of the reservoir 26 which is threadedin the base plate 13 and a the oil supply directly the oil reaches a cerboiler.

tain, predetermined level in the reservoir,

thereby preventing an overflow in the fur-- nace.

The boiler or steam generator 28 is placed adjacent the vapor mixer 22and suitably secured 'on top of the base plate 13 by bolts 29 or thelike. The axis of the boiler is preferably horizontal and the boilor isprovided with a baflle plate 31, see particularly Figure 3, which ispreferably made integral with the head plate 32, closing one end of theboiler. This baflie plate 31 is somewhat narrower than the innerdiameter of the boiler and its inner end is placed a short distance fromthe adjacent end of the vided on three sides of theplate which is placedhorizontally in the boiler." A water supply pipe 33 enters the boiler atone end thereof in its bottom, and this water pipe connects with a watertank provided with suitable) valves for regulating the amount of waterfurnished the boiler. Such valve arrangement is disclosed in my abovenamed copending application, Serial No. 677 ,549. Even in this case, thearrangement is made so that when the water reaches a certainpredetermined height in the boiler, the valves are automatically closed,thus stopping the supply'and preventing the flooding of the interior ofthe furnace. The steam pipe 34 is secured in the top of the boiler andprovided with a number of coils 35 which are situated between the mouthsof the horn 15 and the vapor mixer 22, as best seen in Figures 1 and 2.The axis of the coils is concentric with the axis of the vapor mixer 22and preferably of greater diameter than the mouth of the same, orapproximately of the same interior diameter as the mouth 21 of the horn15. The lowermost coil has a downwardly extendingportion 36 which entersthe vapor mixer 22 at the neck thereof, so that the steam meets thecurrent of vaporized oil' directly over 5 the nozzle 25, as seen inFigure 1.

On the side of the boiler 28 facing the va po-r mixer 22 are situated aseries of corrugated heating plates or radiating webs 37. Directly belowthese radiating webs is situated a small pilot burner 38, to which gasIn this manner, passages are pro-' through the bottom of the base plate13,

and a similar pilot burner 42 is furnished to heat the reservoir 26.

In order to prevent air from entering through the ash pit into thecombustion chamber of the furnace 10, except through the horn 15, anasbestos orsimilar fireproof lining 40 is placed around the base plate13 over the grate bars 12 and reaching over to the side of the furnace12, as indicated in en operating the burner, the valves Webs 37, whichis communicated both to the boiler 28 and the vapor mixer 22. After ashort while, steam is generated in the boiler and carried into the vapormixer 22 while at the same time, the oil in the reservoir 26commences-to vaporize. The oil vapor and the steam intermingle in thevapor mixer 22- and then ascend together to meet the descending air fromthe mouth 21 of the horn 15 and this fuel mixture is then ignited fromthe flame of thepilot burner 38, whereuponthe combustion takes place andthe interior of the furnace 10 is heated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is;

1. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming thebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected withan oil supply, an

oil vaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vapors including an invertedhollow cone ber comprising a base forming the bottom .1

of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base, a reservoir to whichthenozzle is a-ttache'd, said reservoir being connected with an oilsupply and constituting a vaporizer,

means for mixing the fuel vapors including an inverted hollow cone witha thin side wall, a steam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said sidewall, and a duct adapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with thesteam and vaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture.

3. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming thebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected withan oil supply, an oilvaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vaporsincluding a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steam pipe openingad acent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted todischarge atmospheric air is supplied-through the pipe 39 entering tomingle with thesteam-and vaporized oil supply. 7

4. An oil burner for a combustion Cl1L1Ilber comprising a base formingthe bottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connectedwith an oil supply,-an oil vaporizer, means for mixing the fuel vaporsincluding a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steam pipe openingadjacent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted todischarge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil tomake a suitable fuel mixture a steam generator positioned adjacent saidmember on said base and carrying said steam pipe and suitably connectedwith a water supply said steam generator including a boiler, and ahorizontal bathe in the boiler.

I 5. An oil burner for acombustion chamber comprising a base forming thebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected withan oil supply, an oil vaporizer adjacentthe nozzle, means for mixing thefuel vapors including a hollow member surrounding said nozzle, a steampipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said hollow member, and a ductadapted to discharge atmos pheric air to mingle with the steam andvaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generatorpositioned adjacent said member'on said base and carrying said steampipe and suitably connected with a water supply; said steam generatorinclud ing a boiler, a horizontal baflie in the boiler, and radiatorwebs on said boiler extending towards said hollow member.

6. An oil burner for a combustion chamber comprising a base forming thebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base connected withan oil supply, an oil vaporizer adjacent the nozzle, means for mixingthe fuel vapors including an inverted hollowcone with a thin side wall,a

I steam pipe opening adjacQit said nozzle in said side wall, and a-ductadapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam andvaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generatorositioned adjacent said cone on said base an carrying said steam pipeand suitably connected with a water supply; said steam generator in-'cluding a boiler, a horizontal ba-file in the boiler, and radiator webson said boiler ex tending towards said hollow cone.

7. An'oil burner for a combustion cham-' ber comprising a base formingthe bottomof the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said for mixing thefuel vapors includlng an inverted hollow cone with a thin side wall, asteam pipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said side wall, and a ductadapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam andvaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generatorpositioned aljacent said cone on said base and carrying said steam pipeand suit-ably connected with a water supply; said steam generatorincluding a boiler, a horizontal bafile in the boiler, radiator webs onsaid boiler extending towards said hollow cone, and a pilot burner forsaid radiator webs.

8. An oil burner for a combustion chambercomprising a base formingthebottom of the combustion chamber, a nozzle in said base, a reservoirconnected with an oil supply and adapted to vaporize the oil passingthrough the nozzle, means for mixing the.

fuel vapors including an inverted hollow cone with a thin side wall, asteam p-ipe opening adjacent said nozzle in said side wall, and a ductadapted to discharge atmospheric air to mingle with the steam andvaporized oil to make a suitable fuel mixture; a steam generatorpositioned adjacent said cone on said base and carrying said steam pipeand suitably connected with a Water supply; said steam generatorincluding a boiler, a horizontal bafile in the boiler, radiator webs onsaid boiler extending tovply, and adapted to vaporize the oilpassingthrough the nozzle, means for mixing the fuel vapors including a, hollowmember sur-. rounding said nozzle, a steam pipe opening adjacent saidnozzle in said hollow member, and a duct adapted to dischargeatmospheric air to mingle with the steam and vaporized oil to make asuitable fuel mix-. ture; a steam generator. positioned adjacent saidmember on sa'idbaseand carrying said steam pipe andsuitably connectedwith a water supply; said steam pipekhaving coils arrangedconcentrically around the axis of said hollow member and said ductincluding a horn placed over an op'enin provided in said base andterminating wit a mouth opening over said coils.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature WILLIAM L. HIGGINS.

